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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html">Communications Hardware</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html">Configuring Interfaces</a></li>
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<section id="using-reticulum-on-your-system">
<span id="using-main"></span><h1>Using Reticulum on Your System<a class="headerlink" href="#using-reticulum-on-your-system" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h1>
<span id="using-main"></span><h1>Using Reticulum on Your System<a class="headerlink" href="#using-reticulum-on-your-system" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<p>Reticulum is not installed as a driver or kernel module, as one might expect
of a networking stack. Instead, Reticulum is distributed as a Python module,
containing the networking core, and a set of utility and daemon programs.</p>
@@ -239,7 +275,7 @@ running instance is simply shared. This works for any number of programs running
concurrently, and is very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there
are other options.</p>
<section id="configuration-data">
<h2>Configuration &amp; Data<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration-data" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<h2>Configuration &amp; Data<a class="headerlink" href="#configuration-data" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Reticulum stores all information that it needs to function in a single file-system
directory. When Reticulum is started, it will look for a valid configuration
directory in the following places:</p>
@@ -263,7 +299,7 @@ if the configuration allows for it, which it does by default.</p>
<p>The entire configuration of Reticulum is found in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum/config</span></code>
file. When Reticulum is first started on a new system, a basic, but fully functional
configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># This is the default Reticulum config file.</span>
<div class="highlight-ini notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># This is the default Reticulum config file.</span>
<span class="c1"># You should probably edit it to include any additional,</span>
<span class="c1"># interfaces and settings you might need.</span>
@@ -273,7 +309,7 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># rnsd --exampleconfig</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">reticulum</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">[reticulum]</span>
<span class="c1"># If you enable Transport, your system will route traffic</span>
<span class="c1"># for other peers, pass announces and serve path requests.</span>
@@ -282,7 +318,7 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># always-on. This directive is optional and can be removed</span>
<span class="c1"># for brevity.</span>
<span class="n">enable_transport</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">No</span>
<span class="na">enable_transport</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">No</span>
<span class="c1"># By default, the first program to launch the Reticulum</span>
@@ -294,7 +330,7 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># user, and should generally be turned on. This directive</span>
<span class="c1"># is optional and can be removed for brevity.</span>
<span class="n">share_instance</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Yes</span>
<span class="na">share_instance</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">Yes</span>
<span class="c1"># If you want to run multiple *different* shared instances</span>
@@ -302,7 +338,7 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># instance names for each. On platforms supporting domain</span>
<span class="c1"># sockets, this can be done with the instance_name option:</span>
<span class="n">instance_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">default</span>
<span class="na">instance_name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">default</span>
<span class="c1"># Some platforms don&#39;t support domain sockets, and if that</span>
<span class="c1"># is the case, you can isolate different instances by</span>
@@ -362,7 +398,7 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># respond_to_probes = No</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">logging</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">[logging]</span>
<span class="c1"># Valid log levels are 0 through 7:</span>
<span class="c1"># 0: Log only critical information</span>
<span class="c1"># 1: Log errors and lower log levels</span>
@@ -373,7 +409,7 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># 6: Debug logging</span>
<span class="c1"># 7: Extreme logging</span>
<span class="n">loglevel</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4</span>
<span class="na">loglevel</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">4</span>
<span class="c1"># The interfaces section defines the physical and virtual</span>
@@ -382,19 +418,19 @@ configuration file is created. The default configuration looks like this:</p>
<span class="c1"># types. You can modify these or use them as a basis for</span>
<span class="c1"># your own config, or simply remove the unused ones.</span>
<span class="p">[</span><span class="n">interfaces</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">[interfaces]</span>
<span class="c1"># This interface enables communication with other</span>
<span class="c1"># link-local Reticulum nodes over UDP. It does not</span>
<span class="c1"># need any functional IP infrastructure like routers</span>
<span class="c1"># or DHCP servers, but will require that at least link-</span>
<span class="c1"># local IPv6 is enabled in your operating system, which</span>
<span class="c1"># should be enabled by default in almost any OS. See</span>
<span class="c1"># the Reticulum Manual for more configuration options.</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># This interface enables communication with other</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># link-local Reticulum nodes over UDP. It does not</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># need any functional IP infrastructure like routers</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># or DHCP servers, but will require that at least link-</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># local IPv6 is enabled in your operating system, which</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># should be enabled by default in almost any OS. See</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="c1"># the Reticulum Manual for more configuration options.</span>
<span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">Default</span> <span class="n">Interface</span><span class="p">]]</span>
<span class="nb">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">AutoInterface</span>
<span class="n">interface_enabled</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">[[Default Interface]]</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="na">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">AutoInterface</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="na">interface_enabled</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If Reticulum infrastructure already exists locally, you probably don’t need to
@@ -411,7 +447,7 @@ Once you have done that, take a look at the <a class="reference internal" href="
of this manual.</p>
</section>
<section id="included-utility-programs">
<h2>Included Utility Programs<a class="headerlink" href="#included-utility-programs" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<h2>Included Utility Programs<a class="headerlink" href="#included-utility-programs" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Reticulum includes a range of useful utilities, both for managing your Reticulum
networks, and for carrying out common tasks over Reticulum networks, such as
transferring files to remote systems, and executing commands and programs remotely.</p>
@@ -420,7 +456,7 @@ Reticulum to stay available all the time, for example if you are hosting
a transport node, you might want to run Reticulum as a separate service that
other programs, applications and services can utilise.</p>
<section id="the-rnsd-utility">
<h3>The rnsd Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnsd-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnsd Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnsd-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>It is very easy to run Reticulum as a service. Simply run the included <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> command.
When <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> is running, it will keep all configured interfaces open, handle transport if
it is enabled, and allow any other programs to immediately utilise the
@@ -449,19 +485,20 @@ various configuration options, and interface configuration examples:</p>
Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-v, --verbose
-q, --quiet
-s, --service rnsd is running as a service and should log to file
--exampleconfig print verbose configuration example to stdout and exit
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
-s, --service rnsd is running as a service and should log to file
-i, --interactive drop into interactive shell after initialisation
--exampleconfig print verbose configuration example to stdout and exit
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can easily add <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> as an always-on service by <a class="reference internal" href="#using-systemd"><span class="std std-ref">configuring a service</span></a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="the-rnstatus-utility">
<h3>The rnstatus Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnstatus-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnstatus Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnstatus-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>Using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> utility, you can view the status of configured Reticulum
interfaces, similar to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ifconfig</span></code> program.</p>
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
@@ -547,7 +584,7 @@ options:
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnid-utility">
<h3>The rnid Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnid-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnid Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnid-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>With the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnid</span></code> utility, you can generate, manage and view Reticulum Identities.
The program can also calculate Destination hashes, and perform encryption and
decryption of files.</p>
@@ -601,37 +638,36 @@ Reticulum Identity &amp; Encryption Utility
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--config path path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-i identity, --identity identity
hexadecimal Reticulum Destination hash or path to Identity file
-g path, --generate path
generate a new Identity
-i, --identity identity
hexadecimal Reticulum identity or destination hash, or path to Identity file
-g, --generate file generate a new Identity
-m, --import identity_data
import Reticulum identity in hex, base32 or base64 format
-x, --export export identity to hex, base32 or base64 format
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
-a aspects, --announce aspects
-a, --announce aspects
announce a destination based on this Identity
-H aspects, --hash aspects
show destination hashes for other aspects for this Identity
-e path, --encrypt path
encrypt file
-d path, --decrypt path
decrypt file
-s path, --sign path sign file
-V path, --validate path
validate signature
-r path, --read path input file path
-w path, --write path
output file path
-H, --hash aspects show destination hashes for other aspects for this Identity
-e, --encrypt file encrypt file
-d, --decrypt file decrypt file
-s, --sign path sign file
-V, --validate path validate signature
-r, --read file input file path
-w, --write file output file path
-f, --force write output even if it overwrites existing files
-R, --request request unknown Identities from the network
-t seconds identity request timeout before giving up
-p, --print-identity print identity info and exit
-P, --print-private allow displaying private keys
-b, --base64 Use base64-encoded input and output
-B, --base32 Use base32-encoded input and output
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnpath-utility">
<h3>The rnpath Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnpath-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnpath Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnpath-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>With the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code> utility, you can look up and view paths for
destinations on the Reticulum network.</p>
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
@@ -671,7 +707,7 @@ options:
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnprobe-utility">
<h3>The rnprobe Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnprobe-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnprobe Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnprobe-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnprobe</span></code> utility lets you probe a destination for connectivity, similar
to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ping</span></code> program. Please note that probes will only be answered if the
specified destination is configured to send proofs for received packets. Many
@@ -734,7 +770,7 @@ options:
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rncp-utility">
<h3>The rncp Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rncp-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rncp Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rncp-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rncp</span></code> utility is a simple file transfer tool. Using it, you can transfer
files through Reticulum.</p>
<p><strong>Usage Examples</strong></p>
@@ -773,20 +809,24 @@ options:
-q, --quiet decrease verbosity
-S, --silent disable transfer progress output
-l, --listen listen for incoming transfer requests
-C, --no-compress disable automatic compression
-F, --allow-fetch allow authenticated clients to fetch files
-f, --fetch fetch file from remote listener instead of sending
-j path, --jail path restrict fetch requests to specified path
-j, --jail path restrict fetch requests to specified path
-s, --save path save received files in specified path
-O, --overwrite Allow overwriting received files, instead of adding postfix
-b seconds announce interval, 0 to only announce at startup
-a allowed_hash allow this identity
-a allowed_hash allow this identity (or add in ~/.rncp/allowed_identities)
-n, --no-auth accept requests from anyone
-p, --print-identity print identity and destination info and exit
-w seconds sender timeout before giving up
-P, --phy-rates display physical layer transfer rates
--version show program&#39;s version number and exit
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnx-utility">
<h3>The rnx Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnx-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnx Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnx-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnx</span></code> utility is a basic remote command execution program. It allows you to
execute commands on remote systems over Reticulum, and to view returned command
output. For a fully interactive remote shell solution, be sure to also take a look
@@ -845,7 +885,7 @@ optional arguments:
</div>
</section>
<section id="the-rnodeconf-utility">
<h3>The rnodeconf Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnodeconf-utility" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>The rnodeconf Utility<a class="headerlink" href="#the-rnodeconf-utility" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnodeconf</span></code> utility allows you to inspect and configure existing <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNodes</span></a>, and
to create and provision new <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNodes</span></a> from any supported hardware devices.</p>
<p><strong>All Command-Line Options</strong></p>
@@ -871,31 +911,36 @@ options:
-i, --info Show device info
-a, --autoinstall Automatic installation on various supported devices
-u, --update Update firmware to the latest version
-U, --force-update Update to specified firmware even if version matches
or is older than installed version
--fw-version version Use a specific firmware version for update or
autoinstall
-U, --force-update Update to specified firmware even if version matches or is older than installed version
--fw-version version Use a specific firmware version for update or autoinstall
--fw-url url Use an alternate firmware download URL
--nocheck Don&#39;t check for firmware updates online
-e, --extract Extract firmware from connected RNode for later use
-E, --use-extracted Use the extracted firmware for autoinstallation or
update
-E, --use-extracted Use the extracted firmware for autoinstallation or update
-C, --clear-cache Clear locally cached firmware files
--baud-flash baud_flash
Set specific baud rate when flashing device. Default
is 921600
Set specific baud rate when flashing device. Default is 921600
-N, --normal Switch device to normal mode
-T, --tnc Switch device to TNC mode
-b, --bluetooth-on Turn device bluetooth on
-B, --bluetooth-off Turn device bluetooth off
-p, --bluetooth-pair Put device into bluetooth pairing mode
-D i, --display i Set display intensity (0-255)
-D, --display i Set display intensity (0-255)
-t, --timeout s Set display timeout in seconds, 0 to disable
-R, --rotation rotation
Set display rotation, valid values are 0 through 3
--display-addr byte Set display address as hex byte (00 - FF)
--recondition-display
Start display reconditioning
--np i Set NeoPixel intensity (0-255)
--freq Hz Frequency in Hz for TNC mode
--bw Hz Bandwidth in Hz for TNC mode
--txp dBm TX power in dBm for TNC mode
--sf factor Spreading factor for TNC mode (7 - 12)
--cr rate Coding rate for TNC mode (5 - 8)
-x, --ia-enable Enable interference avoidance
-X, --ia-disable Disable interference avoidance
-c, --config Print device configuration
--eeprom-backup Backup EEPROM to file
--eeprom-dump Dump EEPROM to console
--eeprom-wipe Unlock and wipe EEPROM
@@ -906,8 +951,8 @@ options:
-r, --rom Bootstrap EEPROM without flashing firmware
-k, --key Generate a new signing key and exit
-S, --sign Display public part of signing key
-H FIRMWARE_HASH, --firmware-hash FIRMWARE_HASH
Display installed firmware hash
-H, --firmware-hash FIRMWARE_HASH
Set installed firmware hash
--platform platform Platform specification for device bootstrap
--product product Product specification for device bootstrap
--model model Model code for device bootstrap
@@ -919,7 +964,7 @@ section of this manual.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="remote-management">
<h2>Remote Management<a class="headerlink" href="#remote-management" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<h2>Remote Management<a class="headerlink" href="#remote-management" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>It is possible to allow remote management of Reticulum
systems using the various built-in utilities, such as
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code>. To do so, you will need to set
@@ -940,12 +985,12 @@ remote_management_allowed = 9fb6d773498fb3feda407ed8ef2c3229, 2d882c5586e548d79b
<p>For a complete example configuration, you can run <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span> <span class="pre">--exampleconfig</span></code>.</p>
</section>
<section id="improving-system-configuration">
<h2>Improving System Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#improving-system-configuration" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
<h2>Improving System Configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#improving-system-configuration" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>If you are setting up a system for permanent use with Reticulum, there is a
few system configuration changes that can make this easier to administrate.
These changes will be detailed here.</p>
<section id="fixed-serial-port-names">
<h3>Fixed Serial Port Names<a class="headerlink" href="#fixed-serial-port-names" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<h3>Fixed Serial Port Names<a class="headerlink" href="#fixed-serial-port-names" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>On a Reticulum instance with several serial port based interfaces, it can be
beneficial to use the fixed device names for the serial ports, instead
of the dynamically allocated shorthands such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">/dev/ttyUSB0</span></code>. Under most
@@ -973,11 +1018,11 @@ might be plugged and unplugged in different orders, or when device name
assignment varies from one boot to another.</p>
</section>
<section id="reticulum-as-a-system-service">
<span id="using-systemd"></span><h3>Reticulum as a System Service<a class="headerlink" href="#reticulum-as-a-system-service" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
<span id="using-systemd"></span><h3>Reticulum as a System Service<a class="headerlink" href="#reticulum-as-a-system-service" title="Link to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>Instead of starting Reticulum manually, you can install <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> as a system
service and have it start automatically at boot.</p>
<section id="systemwide-service">
<h4>Systemwide Service<a class="headerlink" href="#systemwide-service" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h4>
<h4>Systemwide Service<a class="headerlink" href="#systemwide-service" title="Link to this heading"></a></h4>
<p>If you installed Reticulum with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>, the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> program will most likely
be located in a user-local installation path only, which means <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">systemd</span></code> will not
be able to execute it. In this case, you can simply symlink the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> program
@@ -1019,7 +1064,7 @@ WantedBy=multi-user.target
</div>
</section>
<section id="userspace-service">
<h4>Userspace Service<a class="headerlink" href="#userspace-service" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h4>
<h4>Userspace Service<a class="headerlink" href="#userspace-service" title="Link to this heading"></a></h4>
<p>Alternatively you can use a user systemd service instead of a system wide one. This way the whole setup can be done as a regular user.
Create a user systemd service files <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/systemd/user/rnsd.service</span></code> with the following content:</p>
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[Unit]
@@ -1087,16 +1132,14 @@ systemctl --user enable rnsd.service
<div class="bottom-of-page">
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@@ -1148,14 +1191,11 @@ systemctl --user enable rnsd.service
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