intercept/docs/TROUBLESHOOTING.md

Troubleshooting

Solutions for common issues.

Python / Installation Issues

"ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'flask'"

Install Python dependencies first:

pip install -r requirements.txt

# Or with python3 explicitly
python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt

"TypeError: 'type' object is not subscriptable"

This error occurs on Python 3.7 or 3.8. INTERCEPT requires Python 3.9 or later.

# Check your Python version
python3 --version

# Ubuntu/Debian - install newer Python
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3.11 python3.11-venv python3-pip

# Run with newer Python
python3.11 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
sudo venv/bin/python intercept.py

"externally-managed-environment" error (Ubuntu 23.04+, Debian 12+)

Modern systems use PEP 668 to protect system Python. Use a virtual environment:

# Option 1: Virtual environment (recommended)
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
sudo venv/bin/python intercept.py

# Option 2: Use the setup script (auto-creates venv if needed)
./setup.sh

"pip: command not found"

# Ubuntu/Debian
sudo apt install python3-pip

# macOS
python3 -m ensurepip --upgrade

Permission denied during pip install

# Install to user directory
pip install --user -r requirements.txt

SDR Hardware Issues

No SDR devices found

1. Ensure your SDR device is plugged in
2. Check detection:
   • RTL-SDR: rtl_test
   • LimeSDR/HackRF: SoapySDRUtil --find
3. On Linux, add udev rules (see below)
4. Blacklist conflicting drivers:

   echo "blacklist dvb_usb_rtl28xxu" | sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-rtl.conf
   sudo modprobe -r dvb_usb_rtl28xxu
   

Linux udev rules for RTL-SDR

sudo bash -c 'cat > /etc/udev/rules.d/20-rtlsdr.rules << EOF
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0bda", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2838", MODE="0666"
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0bda", ATTRS{idProduct}=="2832", MODE="0666"
EOF'

sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
sudo udevadm trigger

Then unplug and replug your RTL-SDR.

Device busy error

1. Click "Kill All Processes" in the UI
2. Unplug and replug the SDR device
3. Check for other applications: lsof | grep rtl

LimeSDR/HackRF not detected

1. Verify SoapySDR is installed: SoapySDRUtil --info
2. Check driver is loaded: SoapySDRUtil --find
3. May need udev rules or run as root

WiFi Issues

Monitor mode fails

1. Ensure running as root/sudo
2. Check adapter supports monitor mode: iw list | grep monitor
3. Kill interfering processes: airmon-ng check kill

Permission denied when scanning

Run INTERCEPT with sudo:

sudo python3 intercept.py
# Or with venv:
sudo venv/bin/python intercept.py

Interface not found after enabling monitor mode

Some adapters rename when entering monitor mode (e.g., wlan0 → wlan0mon). The interface should auto-select, but if not, manually select the monitor interface from the dropdown.

Bluetooth Issues

No Bluetooth adapter found

# Check if adapter is detected
hciconfig

# Ubuntu/Debian - install BlueZ
sudo apt install bluez bluetooth

Permission denied

Run with sudo or add your user to the bluetooth group:

sudo usermod -a -G bluetooth $USER

GPS Issues

GPS dongle not detected

1. Install pyserial: pip install pyserial
2. Check device is connected:
   • Linux: ls /dev/ttyUSB* /dev/ttyACM*
   • macOS: ls /dev/tty.usb*
3. Add user to dialout group (Linux):

   sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER
   

4. Most GPS dongles use 9600 baud (default in INTERCEPT)
5. GPS needs clear sky view to get a fix

Decoding Issues

No messages appearing (Pager mode)

1. Verify frequency is correct for your area
2. Adjust gain (try 30-40 dB)
3. Check pager services are active in your area
4. Ensure antenna is connected

No aircraft appearing (ADS-B mode)

1. Verify dump1090 or readsb is installed
2. Check antenna is connected (1090 MHz antenna recommended)
3. Ensure clear view of sky
4. Set correct observer location for range calculations

Satellite passes not calculating

1. Ensure skyfield is installed: pip install skyfield
2. Check TLE data is valid and recent
3. Verify observer location is set correctly